
The Physics of Flying Debris: Why 2×4 Lumber Pierces Brick
Article Preview Kinetic Concentration Over Material Hardness: A 15-pound piece of structural lumber traveling at 100 miles per hour delivers over 5,000 foot-pounds of energy across an impact footprint measuring only 5.25 square inches. Brittle Shear Failure in Masonry: Residential clay brick veneers and unreinforced concrete masonry units exhibit high compressive strength but nominal shear and tensile resistance, causing brittle punching shear rather than missile deformation. Standard Code Inadequacies: Conventional residential building envelopes are engineered







